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''This article is about the Cumbrian hamlet. For other uses, see Salta (disambiguation).'' Salta is a hamlet in the parish of Holme St Cuthbert in northwestern Cumbria, United Kingdom. It is located southwest of the village of Mawbray, and southwest of the city of Carlisle. It has a population of about 35 people. Salta can only be accessed from the lane from Mawbray, which goes on to join the B5300 coast road, although two public bridleways provide access over the fields from Hailforth and Mawbray. The hamlet consists of mainly bungalows, and a farm is still in operation in the vicinity. A caravan park, Manor House Park, is situated across the Moss to the southeast, to the southwest of the hamlet of Edderside. The settlement's name is derived from "sēalt-tir", meaning "salt land" in Old English, as during Anglo-Saxon times, salt making was a major industry on the Solway Plain. Fortified during the Roman period, in the 1550s, Salta participated in a system called "seawake", a night watch to guard the coast against incursions across the Solway by the Scots. Salta Moss was designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest in 1954 and forms part of the Solway Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is home to a diversity of wildlife, including Adders, Britain's only native venomous snake, and several varieties of heather, as well as the purple moor grass ''Molinia caerulea''. ==History== The name "Salta" comes from Old English "sēalt-tir", meaning "salt land". In Anglo-Saxon times, salt making was a major industry on the Solway coast, and there are remains of medieval salt pans near Milefortlet 21, only a few miles down the coast from Salta. Salta appears in older documents with several variant spellings, including "Sathowe". On Salta Moss, an area of common land next to the hamlet, a Bronze Age rapier (a kind of sword) was discovered in the 1980s, proving that the area was settled by ancient Britons millennia ago.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/hstchg/celts.htm )〕 The rapier currently resides in the Tullie House Museum in Carlisle, and archaeologists date it as being crafted as early as 1100 BC.〔 Two perforated axe-hammers and a polished axe dated to the Neolithic period were unearthed at nearby Mawbray. After the arrival of Romans in Britain, the area around Salta was fortified as part of the coastal defences which extended beyond the western end of Hadrian's Wall. By the 1550s, Salta participated in a system called "seawake", which was a night watch to guard the coast against incursions across the Solway by the Scots.〔〔 These incursions were frequent, and on one occasion in 1592 at Dubmill, near Salta, a Mr Barwise the local miller was taken prisoner by Scottish raiders.〔 One of the properties in Salta is known to date from the 16th century,〔 and the hamlet has been continually inhabited ever since. During the Second World War, 43 evacuees from the Newcastle-Upon-Tyne area were billeted to the parish of Holme St. Cuthbert, and several ended up in Salta. Development in the 20th century saw new houses built, but mainline water and electricity arrived later than in other parts of Britain, perhaps due to the small population. Excavations of a cropmark enclosure at Edderside, beyond the Moss to the southeast of Salta, were conducted in 1989-1990 by Robert H. Bewley. The Kelsick House wind turbine was approved for construction in 2013 in spite of local opposition, to the northeast, to the south of Abbeytown, and will join a number of other wind turbines in the area around Salta.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kelsickhouse Wind Turbine )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Salta, Cumbria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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